GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE: IMAGES, Chapter 2, Ruddiman

 

 

EARTH'S ENERGY BALANCE -- Incoming Solar Radiation balanced by Outgoing Longwave Radiation

 

 

WHY DOES ALBEDO VARY? EVEN WITH SAME SURFACE SUBSTANCE?

 

FIG 2-7B, INSOLATION RECEIVED SEASONALLY AT EARTH'S SURFACE

 

 

RANGE IN DAILY TEMPERATURE VARIATION SEASONALLY

LATENT HEAT ABSORBED AND RELEASED AS SENSIBLE HEAT-- WITH PHASE CHANGES OF WATER

 

HOW MUCH WATER VAPOR CAN BE CONTAINED IN ATMOSPHERE, WITH TEMPERATURE

 

 

What's wrong with this Map?

 

OROGRAPHIC UPLIFT -- Cloud development and Precipitation

 

OCEAN CURRENTS -- COLD AND WARM, Important mechanism for Heat Transfer from Low Latitudes to High Latitudes

 

THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION -- North Atlantic Deep Water Formation -- Ocean Circulation

 

SUBTROPICAL GYRES, Form at Center of Subtropical High Pressure
Diagram reinforces how Coriolis Effect Causes Cold Water Upwelling as well

 

DEEP ATLANTIC OCEAN CIRCULATION

 

OCEAN UPWELLING -- Coastal Cold Water Upwelling, Equatorial Upwelling

 

 

CRYOSPHERE -- Glaciers

 

 

DISTRIBUTION OF ALPINE GLACIERS WITH LATITUDE

 

DYNAMICS OF CONTINENTAL GLACIERS (Greenland, Antarctica)

 

CARBON DIOXIDE -- Pre-industrial

 

CARBON CYCLE -- Rates of Carbon Exchange