| Acronyms in the Embedded Systems Biz
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| ACIA | Asynchronous Communication Interface Adapter
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| ACM | Association for Comupting Machinery
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| ADC | Analog-to-Digital Converter
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| AES | Advanced Encryption Standard
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| AET | Average Execution Time
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| AGU | Address-Generation Unit
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| ALU | Arithmetic and Logic Unit (key component of a microprocessor)
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| AMBA | Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (used in SoC)
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| ANSI | American National Standards Institute
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| API | Application Programming Interface (standard interface spec bwtween software modules)
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| ARM | Advanced RISC Machine (OEM computer architecture)
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| ARP | Address Resolution Protocol (maps IP address to MAC address)
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| ASAM | Association for Standardization of Automation and Measuring Systems
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| ASIC | Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (custom-designed IC)
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| ASIP | Application-Specific Instruction set Processor (configurable microprocessor)
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| ATE | Automated Test Equipment
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| ATPG | Automatic Test Pattern Generation
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| BCET | Best-Case Execution Time See: WCET
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| BDD | Binary Decision Diagrams
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| BDF | Boolean DataFlow
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| BER | Bit-Error Rate
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| BGA | Ball Brid Array (IC package type)
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| BIOS | Basic Input-Output System
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| BIST | Built-In Self Test
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| BSP | Board Support Package
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| BOD | Brown-Out Detector
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| CAD | Computer-Aided Design
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| CAN | Controller Area Network (automotive serial bus standard)
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| CASE | Computer-Aides Software, a.k.a. ITU-T
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| CDMA | Code-Division Multiple Access (method for several devices to share a communications channel)
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| CISC | Complex Instruction Set Computer
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| CLB | Configurable Logic Block (computational unit in an FPGA)
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| CMOS | Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (most common digital IC technology)
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| CMRR | Common-Mode Rejection Ratio
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| CODEC | CODer DECoder (for audio)
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| COTS | Commercial Off-The-Shelf
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| CPLD | Complex Programmagle Logic Device
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| CPU | Central Processing Unit
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| CRC | Cyclic Redundancy Code
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| CSMA/CA | Carrier-Sense Multiple-Access / Collision Avoidance (network protocol)
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| CSMA/CD | Carrier-Sense Multiple-Access / Collision Detection (network protocol)
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| CUT | Circuit Under Test. See: DUT
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| DAC | Digital-to-Analog Converter
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| DCE | Data Communications Equipment (one endpoint of an RS-232 serial cable)
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| DFM | Design For Manufacturability
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| DFT | Design For Test
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| DFT | Discrete Fourrier Transform
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| DHCP | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (dynamically assigns IP address)
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| DIMM | Dual Inline Memory Module (Ram bank package used in PCs)
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| DIP | Dual-Inline Package (IC package type)
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| DMA | Direct Memory Access
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| DNS | Domain Name System/Service (maps Internet names to IP addresses)
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| DoS | Denial of Service (method to attack over a network)
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| DPRAM | Dual-Port Random Access Memory
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| DRAM | Dynamic Random-Access Memory
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| DSP | Digital Signal Processor
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| DTE | Data Terminal Equipment (one endpoint of an RS-232 serial cable)
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| DUT | Device Under Test
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| E2ROM | See: EEPROM
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| EDA | Electronic Design Automation
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| EDF | Earliest Deadline First
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| ECO | Engineering Change Order
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| ECU | Electronic Control Unit (automotive term)
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| EDA | Electronic Design Automation
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| EEPROM | Electronically-Erasable Programmable ROM
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| EIA | Electronic Insustries Alliance
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| EMI | Electro-Magnetic Interference
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| EPROM | Erasable Programmable ROM
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| ESD | Electro-Static Discharge
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| FDMA | Frequency-Division Multiple Access (method for several devices to share a comm. channel)
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| FDWS | Field Device Web Server
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| FFT | Fast Fourrier Transform
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| FIFO | First-In First-Out
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| FPGA | Field-Programmable Gate Array
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| FPS | Fixed-Priority Scheduling
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| FSM | Finite State Machine
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| FTDF | Fault-Tolerant Data Flows
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| FTT-CAN | Flexible Time-Triggered CAN
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| GPIO | General-Purpose Input/Output
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| GPS | Global Positioning System More info
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| HDL | Hardware Description Language
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| HDLC | High-level Data Link Control
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| HDS | Hardware-Dependent Software
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| HID | Human Interface Device
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| HMI | Human-Machine Interface
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| HTTP | HyperText Transport Protocol
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| HVL | Hardware Verification Language
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| HW | Hardware
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| I2C | Inter-Integrated Circuit (serial bus)
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| IC | Integrated Circuit
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| ICE | In-Circuit Emulator
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| ICP | In-Circuit Programming. See: ISP
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| IDE | Integrated Development Environment (editor, compiler, debugger, etc.)
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| IEC | International Electrotechnical Commission
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| IEEE | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
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| IIC | See: I2C
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| IIP | Immediate Inheritance Protocol
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| IP | Intellectual Property (pre-packaged software and hardware designs)
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| IP | Internet Protocol
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| IPC | Inter-Process Communications
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| IPsec | IP Security Protocol
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| IrDA | Infrared Data Association
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| ISA | Instruction Set Architecture
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| ISM | Industrial, Scientific and Medical (unlicensed radio-frequency bands for wireless devices)
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| ISO | International Standards Organization
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| ISP | In-System Programming
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| ISR | Interrupt Service Routine
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| ITU | International Telecommunications Union
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| ITU-T | ITU Telecommunications Standardization Sector
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| JEDEC | Joint Electron Devices Engineering Council
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| JIT | Just In Time (a JIT compiler interprets code on first pass and compiles for subsequent passes)
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| JML | Java Modeling Language
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| JTAG | Joint Test Action Group (standard serial test interface to ICs)
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| LAN | Local Area Network
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| LCA | Logic Cell Array
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| LCD | Liquid Crystal Display
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| LED | Light-Emitting Diode
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| LFSR | Linear Feedback Shift Register (used for generating pseudo-random numbers)
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| LIN | Local Interconnect Networks
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| LMAC | Lightweight MAC
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| LSI | Large-Scale Integration
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| LUT | LookUp Table (a logic block within certain FPGAs)
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| MAC | Medium Access Control (physical-layer protocol)
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| MAC | Multiply / Accumulate
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| MAP | Manufacturing Automation Protocol
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| MIMD | Multiple-Instruction Multiple-Data (computer architecture)
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| MMU | Memory Management Unit
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| MOC | Model Of Computation
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| MPSoC | Multiprocessor System on a Chip
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| NES | Networked Embedded System
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| NIST | National Institute for Standards and Technology
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| NoC | Network on a Chip
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| NRZ | Non-Return to Zero
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| NVRAM | Non-Volatile Random Access Memory
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| OCD | On-Chip Debugging
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| OEM | Original Equipment Architecture
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| OPB | On-Chip Peripheral Bus
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| OSGi | Open Services Gateway initiative (allows devices to communicate over IP networks using Java)
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| OSI | Open Systems Interconnection (7-layer reference model)
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| OTP | One-Time Programmable (type of ROM)
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| PAL | Programmable Array Logic
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| PBD | Platform-Based Design
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| PCB | Printed Circuit Board
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| PCP | Priority Ceiling Protocol
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| PIO | Parallel Input/Output
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| PIP | Priority Inheritance Protocol
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| PLB | Processor Local Bus
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| PLC | Programmable Logic Controller (ruggedized computer to control a factory)
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| PLCC | Plastic Leadless Chip Carrier (IC package type)
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| PLD | Programmable Logic Device
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| PN | Petri Net
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| POSIX | Portable Operating System Interface for computing environments (API standard)
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| POST | Power-On Self Test
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| PPM | Pulse-Position Modulation
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| PPP | Point-to-Point Protocol (provides network access via a serial port)
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| PROM | Programmable Read-Only Memory
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| PWB | Printed Wiring Board
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| PWM | Pulse-Width Modulation
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| QFP | Quad Flat Pack (IC package type)
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| QoS | Quality of Service
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| QSS | Quasi-Static Scheduling
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| RFI | Radio-Frequency Interference
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| RIN | Reconfigurable Interconnection Network
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| RISC | Reduced Instruction Set Computer
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| ROM | Read-Only Memory
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| RTC | Real-Time Clock
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| RTE | Real-Time Ethernet
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| RTL | Register Transfer Level
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| RTOS | Real-Time Operating System
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| RTS | Real-Time Scheduling
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| RTS | Real-Time System
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| RTS/CTS | Ready To Send / Clear To Send
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| RZ | Return to Zero
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| SAE | Society of Automotive Engineers
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| SBC | Single-Board Computer
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| SCI | Serial Communications Interface
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| SDF | Synchronous DataFlow
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| SDL | Specification and Description Language
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| SIMD | Single-Instruction Multiple-Data (computer architecture)
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| SLIP | Serial Line Internet Protocol (for encapsulating TCP/IP packets over a serial connection)
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| SMT | Surface Mount Technology (components that solder to one side of the PCB, See THT)
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| SoC | System on a Chip
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| SOIC | Small-Outline IC (IC package type)
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| SPI | Serial Peripheral Interface (chip interconnection bus)
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| SRAM | Static Random-Access Memory
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| SSI | Synchronous Serial Interface
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| SSL | Secure Sockets Layer
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| SSOP | Shrink Small-Outline Package (IC package type)
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| SW | Software
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| TAM | Test Access Mechanism
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| TAP | Test Access Port
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| TCP/IP | Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (data link, network, and transport OSI layers)
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| TDM | Time-Division Multiplexing
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| TDMA | Time-Division Multiple Access (method for several devices to share a communications channel)
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| TTCAN | Time-Triggered CAN
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| THD | Total Harmonic Distortion
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| THT | Through-Hole Technology (components whose leads go through holes in the PCB, see SMT)
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| TQFP | Thin Quad Flat Pack (IC package type)
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| TTM | Time To Market
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| UART | Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (serial interface chip)
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| UDM | Universal Design Methodology
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| UDP | User Datagram Protocol (simpler alternative to TCP)
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| UI | User Interface
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| UML | Unified Modeling Language (standardized visual notation to communicate system design/specs)
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| USART | Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (serial interface chip)
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| USB | Universal Serial Bus
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| VFS | Virtual File System
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| VHDL | VHSIC (Very High-Speed Integrated Circuit) Hardware description language
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| VLIW | Very Long Instruction Word (computer architecture)
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| VLSI | Very Large-Scale Integration circuit
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| VM | Virtual Machine
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| VSIA | Virtual Socket Interface Alliance
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| WAN | Wide-Area Network
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| WCET | Worst-Case Execution Time
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| WDT | WatchDog Timer
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| WDT | Wireless Local Area Network
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| XIP | eXecute In Place (run out of ROM rather than copy to RAM)
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| ZIF | Zero Insertion Force (type of IC socket for test purposes)
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