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What is modernism? When did it appear? Why is it important
to the development of European music?
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List three aspects of the traditional language of music that
modernist composers challenged; for each one, cite a composer
and a piece we studied which exemplified that challenge.
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Chapter 20: Early 20th Century Modernist Composers
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Claude Debussy
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Clouds
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Igor Stravinsky
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The Rite of Spring
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Arnold Schoenberg
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Pierrot Luinaire
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impressionaism
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expressionism
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neoclassicism
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"emancipation of the dissonance"
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atonality
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serialism
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What dimension of music did Debussy emphasize more than any
previous composer?
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What aspect of The Rite of Spring is similar to works by
nationalist composers of the 19th century? On what dimension
of music does Stravinsky focus most in The Rite of Spring
?
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What new vocal technique does Schoenberg employ in Pierrot
Luinair ? What determines the form of movements in this
piece?
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What is the serial 12 tone music technique of writing music?
Why did composers find the technique attractive?
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Chapter 21: Alternatives to Modernism
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Bela Bartok
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Music for Strings, Percussion and Celeste ,
movements 1 & 2
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Dimitri Shostakovich
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Symphony #5 , movement 1
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In what ways does Bartok's music draw upon his Hungarian
roots? What aspects of his music are in fact modernist?
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In what ways was the social and cultural setting for Soviet
music fundamentally different from that of England or France?
How did this affect the music of Shostakovitch?
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Chapter 22: The Late 20th Century
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Pierre Boulez
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Karlheinz Stockhausen
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John Cage
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Milton Babbitt
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Edgar Varese
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Georg Ligeti
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total organization
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indeterminacy
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chance music
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What were the two principal trends of mid-century modernism?
Name a composer important to the development of each. Why
are we suddenly involving U. S. composers in this survey of
European. music?
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List three ways technology contributed to the development
of new music after WW II.
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Write a definition of music that would satisfy Milton Babbitt;
write a definition of music that would satisfy John Cage.
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What is minimalism? Where did it originate? What aspects
of modernism did minimalism reject? What was the biggest change
in the musical character of minimalist music, as compared
with the music of mid century modernism?
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