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Unit 2: Introduction to Bioethics (Weeks 2 & 3; 4-17 Feb)

Only morality in our actions can give beauty and dignity to life. --Albert Einstein

We have all been faced with a personal problem that requires a difficult choice. FNP's make very complex decisions as part of their everyday jobs. Sometimes a conflict affects only us, causing a struggle with our conscience. More often we try to balance the desires of a patient, a family member, a professional colleague, or even society against our own internal code. A dilemma develops when the consequences of a plan of action are painfully difficult, no matter which path is taken. In searching for an acceptable resolution, consider the following questions:

  • Is the dilemma clearly understood?
  • Has sufficient information been gathered from a variety of sources?
  • What personal values and principles are relevant for everyone involved?
  • Will reference to a source of "right" and "wrong" such as the Koran or Bible be made (deontological ethics)?
  • Or will a reasoned analysis of the benefits and harms of each choice be undertaken (teleological ethics)?
  • What are the primary obligations of the person making the decision? 

Dying to donate? An otherwise healthy man died last week as a consequence of doing the good deed of donating part of his liver for transplant. Not exactly primary care, but this article raises some interesting issues. Read more: Dying to Donate

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Study the following links. Although they were developed for a group of senior high school students, they are an excellent explanation of bioethics. As you read, ask yourself:

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Each of us must find our own moral model, one that works for us. Living with integrity means knowing our moral code and following it. Hopefully this course will help you to face, evaluate and make the hard choices with which you will be confronted in your clinical practice. We need to know what our limits are, accept that others may be guided by different values and perspectives, and recognize that most professionals have their own internal standards for ethical behavior.

A good resource for developing questions that stimulate discussion: http://questioning.org/Q7/toolkit.html

Assignments:

  • By the end of Week 2 (10 Feb):
    • Reflect on your professional experience as a nurse. Think of a situation in which you faced an ethical dilemma, i.e., a difficult choice between two opposing sides.
    • Using Forum 02-A in Nurs 505A or Nurs 505B, explain how the following concepts were related to each other in your dilemma: value, context, principle, perspective.
    • Conclude your explanation by formulating a thought-provoking question that stimulates discussion among your classmates.
 
Read each other's entries and discuss.
  • By the end of Week 3 (17 Feb):
Refer back to the dilemma or difficult choice you faced in Week 2 above.
 
In Forum 02-B in Nurs 505A or Nurs 505B, analyze the dilemma or choice using the following points to guide you.
 
  1. Briefly describe the core issue or central problem.
  2. What was the main conflict for you? (The conflict should be explained in such a way that both sides of the issue can be clearly understood.)
  3. Briefly explain several of your beliefs or values that were involved in this particular dilemma. Were these beliefs incommensurable? Which belief had the highest priority? Explain the conflict between your belief(s) and the issue or problem.
  4. What solution did you choose for the problem? Were there any alternative solutions to the one you chose that would have been acceptable for the problem? What made the solution you chose more acceptable? How did you choose?
  5. What perspective did you use when you made the final choice? Do you think your perspective might change depending on the conflict? Or do you favor one particular perspective no matter what the conflict? Why?
Conclude your analysis by posing a thoughtful question that leads to discussion.
Read each other's entries and discuss.
 
Begin planning the Group Project for Unit 6.

By the end of Week 4 (24 Feb): Meet with your group, select a group leader, assign tasks to each team member and establish due dates. Each student should post a note in your group workroom in Nurs 505A or Nurs 505B, indicating what you plan to do for the project and when you expect to accomplish these plans. The leader of the group should indicate that they are the leader.

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