Virology
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	Spring, 2004 Lecture Outline 4/13 "THE HEARTBREAK OF HERPES" & " THE WORLD CONQUERS POX"   Clinical aspects of herpes Herpes simplex: latency brought out by heat, cold [fever, chill]; UV [sun]; hypersensitivity; epinephrine transmission- direct contact c secretions of lesions differences between primary & secondary lesions diagnosis & treatment Varicella zoster: primary: chicken pox (seasonal) secondary: herpes zoster [shingles] (not seasonal) transmission: respiratory spread, esp. winter & spring diagnosis & treatment vaccine CMV: primary Dz rare, except for transfusions severe in infants, can be fatal: brain, kidneys, lungs, liver 2ndary infections incr. c immunosuppression transmission: intrauterine; nursing; blood; sexual contact; urine; respiratory EBV: "Kissing Dz", infectious mononucleosis most infected very young -> subclinical infection transmission: oral delayed infection p 15 yrs old: 50% develop mono pathology & diagnosis Pox viruses: largest & most complex animal viruses many genera- human, animal, insects transmission: most spread via contact & respiratory inhalation most pox cause pock-like lesions, esp. in natural host many are mild, some lethal structure: ovoid or brick shaped [c no square corners] 400 x 240 x 200 nm "bricks" [artifact of fixation/staining] biconcave nucleoid core covered c membrane proteins squeezed between 2 lateral bodies DNA- 1.22 x 108!!: 150-200 genes appears ds unless denatured -> huge single strand- ends are crosslinked transcription & replication: processes occur in cytoplasm viral enzymes + host enzymes used for replication replication: non-crosslinked linear molecules replicated at either or both ends viral polymerases very similar to adeno & herpes hypothesized: evolved from single cellular origin late transcription yields structural proteins assembly: electron dense area of cytoplasm referred to as "factories" entire unit constructed, including lipid membrane lipid membrane- unique from host membrane vaccinia- popular for recombinant vaccines big- can load c lots of genes History of smallpox: Microbiology Reviews 47:455-509, 1983. variolation vs. vaccination; Edward Jenner's efforts World Health Organization's efforts result in elimination of virus in the population current concerns: monkeypox & whitepox- can infect humans; biowarfare possibilities   Next up: DNA phage
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